Publications
IJC publications contain both board and corporate documents, including reports, fact sheets, infographics, and presentations. Contractor reports are created on behalf of or in coordination with the IJC or its boards by a separate entity, including individuals, companies, and governments. Government reports are documents developed by US or Canadian local/provincial/state/federal government that are of interest to the IJC or board.
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An environmental stressor is any factor whose presence adversely affects individuals, populations, or ecosystems. Often but not necessarily the result of human activities, examples include many different pollutants, excess nutrients, habitat loss and invasive species. Recognizing that interactions...
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2020 Report In June 2020, the International Joint Commission’s Science Advisory Board (SAB) completed a report entitled Understanding Declining Productivity in the Offshore Regions of the Great Lakes. The report includes a number of findings and a recommendation aimed at improving coordination...
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In September 2019, the International Red River Board (the Board) recommended that the International Joint Commission (IJC) adopt proposed nutrient concentration objectives and targets for the Red River at the boundary between the United States and Canada. This proposal is the culmination of a...
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The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (the Agreement) charges the International Joint Commission (IJC), supported by its Great Lakes advisory boards, with several responsibilities including identification of emerging issues facing the Great Lakes. To help fulfil this responsibility the IJC’s Great...
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In the spring of 2019, flood inundation maps for the entire US Lake Champlain shoreline were completed from work realized in 2016 (the report is available at https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/sir20185169). These maps show areas of land inundation along the Lake shoreline in New York and Vermont...
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Annex 10 (Science) of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement assigns the International Joint Commission (IJC) and its Science Advisory Board (SAB) a role in providing input to the Parties on priority science issues on a three year basis. The Parties’ initial Draft Priorities for Science and Action...
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The purpose of this document is to compile unbiased background information about nuclear energy production, the nuclear regulators, the decommissioning process, radioactive waste management, and status of the nuclear power facilities in the Great Lakes basin. The background report is also...
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In January 2017 the WQB produced a Climate Change and Adaption in the Great Lakes project summary that focused on the need for coordinated binational action in developing a climate adaption and resiliency strategy for the Great Lakes. The WQB undertook follow-up work to explore ways to advance...
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This report presents the recommendations of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board (WQB) to the International Joint Commission (IJC) on the topic of manure management for confined animal feeding operation practices and policies in the state and provincial jurisdictions in the Great Lakes. The...
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In 2016-2017 the International Joint Commission’s Science Advisory Board, Science Priority Committee, completed an analysis of commercial fertilizer and manure application in the western Lake Erie basin. The resulting report was adopted by the International Joint Commission and is available at...
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The International Joint Commission’s Science Advisory Board (SAB) Science Priority Committee undertook a synthesis of the science related to observed and potential impacts of crude oil on Great Lakes water quality and ecosystem condition and identified additional research, monitoring and information...
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Slides from the Great Lakes Water Quality Board's webinar presenting the results of its Second Binational Poll
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This assessment of fertilizer application and impacts in the western Lake Erie basin (WLEB) was conducted by members of the International Joint Commission Science Advisory Board's Science Priority Committee (SAB-SPC), with the assistance of an advisory group and a contractor. It considers primarily...
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The purpose of this project was to assess the flow of information to decision makers in the Great Lakes, identify barriers to the flow of this information, and provide recommendations to the IJC and the Parties to address these barriers.
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This report presents the recommendations of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board on the topic of how watershed management plans should be used to manage nutrient pollution in Lake Erie. The implementation of effective watershed management plans is an important tool in a holistic approach to reducing...
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Governments exist to serve the people. With this in mind, the International Joint Commission presents its first triennial assessment of progress on Great Lakes water quality pursuant to Article 7.1 (k) of the 2012 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA). This report provides advice and...
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Final Work Plan of the International Lake Champlain-Richelieu River Study Board The record setting floods of 2011 in the Lake Champlain Vermont/New York basin in the United States. (US) and the Richelieu River in the province of Quebec, Canada, prompted the U.S. and Canadian governments to work...
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This report provides the recommendations of the Water Quality Board to address the challenges in seeking alternatives to the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) as flame retardants, and avoiding the release of PBDEs during product use, recycling and disposal through the implementation of...
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The International Joint Commission visited Toledo, Ohio as part of public meetings in six communities in the spring of 2017 to gather public comment on the Canadian and US governments’ Progress Report of the Parties (PROP) and the IJC’s draft Triennial Assessment of Progress (TAP) report.
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Cyanotoxins are an unfortunate consequences of harmful algal blooms in fresh water systems in both Canada and the United States. This report is a literature review of the state of ecological and epidemiological science of cyanobacterial toxins with an emphasis on its relevance to conditions in the...
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The IJC has developed this draft triennial assessment report, informed by a larger staff developed technical appendix that includes fuller analyses, technical information, discussion of relevant science and references. This report and the staff technical appendix report will be revised after...
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This document summarizes the SAB’s advice to the Parties on their Draft 2017-2019 Binational Priorities for Science. This advice benefited from input provided by the IJC’s Great Lakes Water Quality Board. General comments that apply to all Agreement Annexes are presented first, followed by general...
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This report presents the recommendations of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board's Legacy Issues Work Group on the topic of how watershed management plans should be used to manage nutrient pollution in Lake Erie.
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This report presents the recommendations of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board’s Legacy Issues Work Group on the topic of how watershed management plans should be used to manage nutrient pollution in Lake Erie. The work group has identified several key success factors necessary for watershed...
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The IJC identified a suite of 16 ecosystem indicators composed of 41 metrics to assess progress towards achieving the objectives of the 2012 GLWQA. In April 2014, the IJC asked the SAB - Science Priority Committee (SPC) to identify a smaller set of indicators and metrics from this existing set that...
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Oraclepoll Research Limited was commissioned by the International Joint Commission’s (IJC) Great Lakes Water Quality Board (WQB) to conduct a telephone survey of residents living in the Great Lakes basin catchment area. The survey was intended to establish baseline data across an array of...
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This report provides the recommendations of the Water Quality Board's Legacy Issues Work Group, with regard to the development of a strategy by the governments of Canada and the United States to address polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Great Lakes.
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This report summarizes work done by the Nearshore Framework Work Group as part of the 2009-2011 Priority Cycle to assess the application of Adaptive Management (AM) in a nearshore context, summarize recent science activities in the nearshore, identify potential gaps that should be addressed, and...
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For the 2009-2011 priority cycle, the Nuisance and Harmful Algae Work Group (NHAWG) created a three-part work plan consisting of scientific, management, and communication components to assess the causes of nuisance algal growth and to prioritize implementation actions in an adaptive management...
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For the 2009-2011 priority cycle, the Chemicals of Emerging Concern Work Group assessed the performance of wastewater treatment plans for removal of chemicals of emerging concern and assessed human and ecological health effects from exposure to these chemicals.
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The Beaches and Recreational Water Quality Work Group looked to do the following for the 2009-2011 priority cycle: Identify problems associated with current indicators of recreational water quality; Locate, compile, and review existing information on the relationships between human health and the...
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This summary report communicates the findings and recommendations of the Binational Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) Rapid Response Work Group members. It is an executive summary of the Work Group's activities from 2009 to 2011. The purpose is to inform the Commission's advice to the governments of...
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The report provides advice and recommendations of the Great Lakes Water Quality Board to the International Joint Commission on the implications and impacts of climate change on Great Lakes water quality and beneficial uses, and how address such changes.
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In late 1999, the International Joint Commission asked its Great Lakes Water Quality Board to assess progress made under the Strategy and the contribution of the Strategy toward achievement of the Agreement's virtual elimination goal. To carry out this charge, the Board convened a Progress Review...
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As part of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission charge to assess habitat alterations and recommend mitigative strategies to address concerns for aquaculture in the Great Lakes basin, a roundtable discussion of water quality impacts of Great lakes aquaculture was held on January 27-28, 1999 in...
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